Half-day guided tour to explore the ancient desert fortresses of Khorezm, located deep in the Kyzylkum Desert. These sites offer
a fascinating glimpse into the region's early civilisations. Start the tour from your hotel in Khiva (airport or train stations as well)!
The fortresses are located about 100 km from Khiva, and the drive takes approximately 2 hours through desert landscapes.
Ayaz Kala Fortress

• Your first stop will be Ayaz Kala, one of the most impressive and well-preserved fortresses in the area, dating back to the 2nd-4th centuries BC. Once a stronghold of the Khorezmian
  kingdom, it offers panoramic desert views and insights into ancient defence systems.

• Toprak Kala Fortress
Next, you'll visit Toprak Kala, which was once the capital of ancient Khorezm during the 3rd
century AD. It served as a royal residence and administrative centre. You'll walk among the mudbrick ruins and imagine what life was like in this ancient city.
Kyzyl Kala Fortress

• Finally, you'll head to Kyzyl Kala, a smaller yet strategic fortress believed to have been part of the defence network protecting Toprak Kala. Its name means “Red Fortress” due to the reddish colour of its walls.
  After exploring these three historical sites, you'll return to Khiva in the afternoon. Stop for lunch (optional) on the way to Khiva!