Machu Picchu is deservedly oneof the world’s most popular cultural destinations. Cradled by the greatmountains of the Andes, and 2,430 meters (7,970 feet) above sea level, thisancient terraced citadel is as dreamlike as it is mysterious.
Hidden away in the SacredValley’s jungles, the Machu Picchu site went unnoticed until its rediscovery in1911. This marvellous complex of temples and palaces, known as the ‘Lost Cityof the Incas’, is believed to have been founded around 1450 – but no one quiteknows why it was built. Archaeologists have estimated that about 1,200 peoplecould have lived in the ancient city, but the utter isolation of the site wouldmake full-time residence incredibly difficult. It has been suggested that MachuPicchu was used instead as a retreat for Incan rulers.
The climb up Macchu Picchu isregularly described as a magical experience, especially at dawn. The views outover the lush, green Urubamba Valley are famously enchanting, as are thespectacular ruins of the old Incan city. The Incas managed to cut and stackhuge stone blocks to build their structures without any use of modern tools.
Explore the Temple of theSun, an exclusive structure that was reserved for priests as they conductedrituals of worship and sacrifice. Marvel at the carved stone Intihuatana, orsolar clock, that marks the winter solstice. The Palace of the Princess and theTemple of Three Windows are also worth a visit.
You will need to plan aheadto visit Machu Picchu, since it takes some time to reach and there arerestrictions on the number of visitors allowed. The site is best reached by busor on foot from nearby Aguas Calientes, which is accessible by train, or on aguided package tour from Cusco. Entrance tickets are available in AguasCalientes or from the government website for Machu Picchu.
There are limited facilitieson the mountain, so bring food and drink as well as an information booklet. Asyou walk around Machu Picchu, make sure you pace yourself because of the thinair and humidity. It may not just be the views that are leaving you breathless.
